Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research

Original Research Article | OPEN ACCESS

Effects of aqueous extract of unpolished dark purple glutinous rice, Var Luem Pua, on ROS in SK-N-SH cells and scopolamine-induced memory deficit in mice

Supawadee Srisuwan¹, Tarinee Arkaravichien¹, Sugunya Mahatheeranont², Pattawat Seekhaw², Pakawan Puangsombat², Acharaporn Na Lampang Noenplab³, Jintana Sattayasai¹

¹Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen; ²Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai; ³Phitsanulok Rice Research Center, Wangthong, Phitsanulok, Thailand.

For correspondence:- Jintana Sattayasai Email: sjinta@kku.ac.th Tel:+6643348397

Received: 10 May 2015 Accepted: 7 August 2015 Published: 29 September 2015

Citation: Srisuwan S, Arkaravichien T, Mahatheeranont S, Seekhaw P, Puangsombat P, Noenplab AN, et al. Effects of aqueous extract of unpolished dark purple glutinous rice, Var Luem Pua, on ROS in SK-N-SH cells and scopolamine-induced memory deficit in mice. Trop J Pharm Res 2015; 14(9):1635-1641 doi: 10.4314/tjpr.v14i9.13

© 2015 The authors.
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Abstract

Purpose: To investigate the antioxidative and memory-enhancing effects of aqueous extract of unpolished Thai rice strain of Luem Pua (LP) in SK-N-SH cells and scopolamine-induced memory deficit in mice.

Methods: In SK-N-SH cells, viability was measured by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay while intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were quantified after pretreatment with LP (0, 200, 600 and 1000 µg/mL) in the presence of hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂). In mice, memory was impaired by injecting 2 mg/kg/day scopolamine, for 18 consecutive days. On each day, mice were also force-fed with LP 0, 90 or 180 mg/kg. On the last 5 days of treatment, memory was tested using passive avoidance (PA) and Morris water maze (MWM) tests.

Results: At concentration up to 1,000 µg/mL LP had no effect on SK-N-SH cell viability and significantly reduce intracellular ROS levels of SK-N-SH cells with or without H₂O₂. Mice that received 90 or 180 mg/kg LP showed a significant decrease in latency time in PA test and an increase in escape latency time in MWM test. These data suggest that LP antagonizes the effect of scopolamine on memory.

Conclusion: LP extract has anti-oxidative and memory-enhancing effects in cell culture and mice. The rice may be a nutraceutical helpful for promoting brain health.

Keywords: Dark purple rice, Leum Pua rice, Reactive oxygen species, Memory, Scopolamine, Cell culture